Jesus: Our Judge and Advocate

I was reading a blog post from The Middle-Aged Mormon Man in which he talked about how we as members sometimes forget to place the Savior in our Plan of Salvation charts.  We become so focused on making sure that we talk about each step of the Plan that we forget that the Plan would not have been put into motion without Christ and His Atonement.  I admit to being guilty of this.  When teaching about the plan, it is, unfortunately, very easy to focus so much on the "steps" that Jesus' role in the plan gets pushed to the side.  To quote from his post. MMM said: "I have sat through entire lessons on the subject without ever hearing about Jesus and his role in God’s Plan. ... Sometimes we get so fixated on the circles and arrows and the 'Hows' and 'Whys' that we never talk about the 'Who.'"  He went on to give some examples of how Jesus fits into each of the circles:

• Jesus Christ stepped forward in the Pre-Mortal life and offered himself to be the Savior.

• Jesus Christ created the world

• Jesus Christ came to this world – just like us – to gain a body and be tested.

• Jesus Christ died.

• Jesus Christ visited the Spirit World, where he opened the gate between Paradise and Prison.

• Jesus Christ was resurrected

• Jesus Christ will be our final judge.  (The Plan of Salvation - What's Missing?, MMM blog, Feb. 21, 2016)

This was a good reminder to me that the next time I have an opportunity to discuss or teach the Plan of Salvation, that I should strive to bring the Savior and His role into the discussion.  However, as I read through the comment section at the end of the post, I came across a comment from someone who seemed shocked that Jesus would be our Judge.  He said that Jesus is our Redeemer and Advocate, but didn't seem to realize how He could also be our Judge.  I'm trying not to be judgmental in my next comment, but it seemed strange to me that this man, who said he taught Gospel Doctrine, did not understand this concept.  However, after reading this comment, I felt prompted to write a response to his response.  I have touched on these concepts in my Jan. 24th and Feb 7th posts, but I have also expanded upon and fleshed out this concept a little more for this post.  I'm sorry if I sound redundant, but I guess this is something that is very much on my mind right now; maybe because it is a concept that I've only recently wrapped my head around in a way I never have before.  With that as a preface, I view Jesus being both our Judge and our Redeemer/Advocate in the following manner:

During the time He spent with the Nephites after His resurrection, Jesus declared to them that “no unclean thing can enter into his [Father’s] kingdom” (3 Nephi 27:19).  If not for the Atonement, Jesus would be in the unique position of being the only person truly worthy to actually enter Father’s kingdom under these conditions.  Thankfully, His vicarious work and sacrifice in our behalf gives us the opportunity to overcome our sins and enter Father’s kingdom cleansed from the stains of those sins.  Because of His sinless life, however, Father has also given Jesus the calling, if you will, to be our ultimate Judge and at some point “we shall all stand before the judgment seat of Christ” (Romans 14:10, emphasis added).  As Jacob explained to the Nephite people: “the keeper of the gate is the Holy One of Israel; and he employeth no servant there” (2 Nephi 9:41).  To my mind, the "keeper of the gate," is Jacob's way of calling Jesus our Judge.  As the Keeper of the Gate, Jesus can dictate to us, who fall way short of the life He lived, what is needed for us to qualify to enter through the gate He diligently protects.

This concept of qualification should not be new to members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.  If we desire to enter the temple, we need to pass a judgment through the process of an interview with our ward bishop or counselors and our stake president or counselors.  Just as our Father in Heaven has set certain standards for His spirit children to enter His kingdom, Jesus has set standards for temple attendance.  This is why there is an interview process.   As the Elder Russell M. Nelson explained, these interviews are diligently conducted because the Savior requires that His holy temples "be protected from desecration. No unclean thing may enter His hallowed house. ... Such requirements are not difficult to understand. Because the temple is the house of the Lord, standards for admission are set by Him" (Ensign, May 2001, 33).  What are temple recommend qualifications?  Elder Nelson continued: "They will ask if we obey the law of tithing, if we keep the Word of Wisdom, and if we sustain the authorities of the Church. They will ask if we are honest, if we are morally clean, and if we honor the power of procreation as a sacred trust from our Creator" (ibid).  If our local leaders conclude from this interview that we qualify for a temple recommend, they will endorse us (or advocate for us) with their signature.  Our signature is also required.  Not only do they endorse us, but we must endorse ourselves.  If we have hidden anything from them in our answers, then our endorsement is a fabrication and we (not they) will be held accountable for it.

In the case of our Final Judgment, what are the qualifications for those desiring to pass through the gate?  Jesus declared to His disciples: “If ye love me, keep my commandments” (John 14:15).  Considered honestly, it truly is a simple criterion; but we mortals make it so difficult.  Nevertheless, how can Jesus judge us unless He has something upon which to base that judgment?  I don't know what that interview will be like, but I imagine He will ask us very pointed questions.  The difference between our interview with Him and our interview with our bishopric and stake presidency is that He will know our answers—there will be no way for us to fabricate our responses.  He will know immediately if we are lying to Him.  I believe this is why Alma declared that we would "fain be glad if we could command the rocks and the mountains to fall upon us to hide us from his presence" (Alma 12:14) during this interview if we are not qualified.  On the other hand, we will also know if our imperfect yet heartfelt efforts will allow our "confidence [to] wax strong in the presence of God" (D&C 121:45) or not.  Now I understand that "unto whomsoever much is given, of him shall be much required" (Luke 12:48), and that His judgments will be based upon our understanding of His law.  However, those who did not receive His law will have opportunity to accept His gospel and His ordinances and will be "judged according to men in the flesh, but live according to God in the spirit" (1 Peter 4:6); but that's a whole other post.  We, who know better, keep His commandments when we are “an example of the believers, in word, in conversation, in charity, in spirit, in faith, in purity” (1 Timothy 4:12), and He judges us based on our actions because those actions testify to Him of our belief "on his name" (D&C 45:5)—i.e.: how we have kept the commandments and lived up to our covenants.

When that interview has ended and if the Keeper of the Gate finds us qualified, He then stands as our "advocate with the Father" (D&C 45:3) and pleads our cause based on His "merits, and mercy, and grace" (2 Nephi 2:8).  Because we have passed His judgment, He, in a sense, signs our recommend and sponsors us before Father.  Founded solely on Jesus’ recommendation and the works He has done on our behalf, we will be able to pass through the gate into the presence of the Father washed clean (redeemed) through His blood.  To my understanding, this is how Jesus can be both our Judge and our Advocate.  As with other linked gospel principles (grace and works, justice and mercy, to name two) the idea of Judge and Advocate may seem like a contradiction, but I can think of no better person I'd rather be judged by and then have stand with me as my advocate then the Savior.

Understanding "the Why"

It was high council Sunday today.  Our speakers were Brother and Sister Taylor from Barstow.  In her talk Sister Taylor altered a quote from Sister Elaine Cannon who was a former YW General President (the quote was used by Sister Wixom in her address in last October's conference).  She read the quote in this way: "There are two important days in a [person’s] life: The day [they are] born and the day [they find] out why."  This quote has stuck with me for the rest of the day.

As I share it now, I'm reminded of the line from the Church film "Man's Search for Happiness" that states: "Your birth is a matter of record.  You take it for granted."  We all know when we are born because that day is celebrated every year (okay, unless you're a Jehovah's Witness), but there are so many people out in the world who don't know why they are here.  They think they flared into existence at some time along the gestational path and are now here to live out their lives and die when the time comes.  As far as they can tell, there seems to be no rhyme or reason for their existence and they have no belief that they came to this earth "trailing clouds of glory" (“Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood,” The Complete Poetical Works of William Wordsworth [1924], 359).

I find the whole idea to be depressing.  I burst onto the mortal scene, try to make through my growing up years, gain relationships (or not), get married (or just move in with as many partners as I see fit), try to make a decent living, save up for retirement, do some traveling and then pop back into whatever netherworld I came from when life is over and spend the eternities as a spirit, a consciousness, or nothing with no real connections to anyone.  Yikes.  Why would I sign up for something like that?  In this scenario, I can see why people would do all they could to obtain the most money, power, possessions, fame, notoriety, or whatever they could before succumbing to an inevitable death.  If there is no life after this one, then perhaps I would think that the best thing to do would be to make as big a splash as I could while alive in order to not become just another name on a gravestone.

As members of the Church, we should know the "why" of our existence.  We are not here by chance.  As President Thomas S. Monson testified, "a wise Creator fashioned an earth and placed us here, with a veil of forgetfulness of our previous existence so that we might experience a time of testing, an opportunity to prove ourselves in order to qualify for all that God has prepared for us to receive.

"Clearly, one primary purpose of our existence upon the earth is to obtain a body of flesh and bones. We have also been given the gift of agency. In a thousand ways we are privileged to choose for ourselves. Here we learn from the hard taskmaster of experience. We discern between good and evil. We differentiate as to the bitter and the sweet. We discover that there are consequences attached to our actions" (Ensign, May 2012, 91-92).

Because of the veil of forgetfulness, some people do not believe this answer or refuse to consider it as an answer, but that doesn't preclude us from testifying of its truthfulness.  That is also part of the test as I see it.  For those of us who have come to recognize the answer, we cannot allow the finger pointing of those in the great and spacious building to deter us from that knowledge.  How much worse would it be for us to allow ourselves to be bullied away from the truth rather than dare to stand alone, if need be, in defense of that truth?

Brother Taylor talked about eternal perspective.  During his talk he referenced a talk given by President Kimball entitled, "Tragedy or Destiny".  I remember having a pamphlet of this talk back in my missionary days.  Brother Taylor quoted several things from this talk, and I found it in the Priesthood and RS manual of 2006.  As I was looking at it to see if I could pull anything from it that was quoted by Brother Taylor, I instead came across a quote that Bro. Taylor didn't use, but that I found to be very profound.

The quote is from Orson F. Whitney who served as an apostle from 1906 to 1931: “No pain that we suffer, no trial that we experience is wasted. It ministers to our education, to the development of such qualities as patience, faith, fortitude and humility. All that we suffer and all that we endure, especially when we endure it patiently, builds up our characters, purifies our hearts, expands our souls, and makes us more tender and charitable, more worthy to be called the children of God … and it is through sorrow and suffering, toil and tribulation, that we gain the education that we come here to acquire and which will make us more like our Father and Mother in heaven" (Teachings of President of the Church: Spencer W. Kimball, [2006], 16).

Interesting thought.  Sometimes, I believe, we (I) get so caught up in the "here and now" we forget that God's timetable is eternity.  Coming back to the "why are we here" question, He and Mother in Heaven are trying to teach us about ourselves, and they are trying to teach us that lesson by allowing us to experience it for ourselves.  If They take the pain and the sorrow and the suffering away, how will we be able to understand the pleasure and the joy and the blessings and have gratitude for them?  It would be too easy for them to be "helicopter parents" and just hand us all the answers or immediately give us what we want when we want it or to take away the consequences of our choices—good or bad.  But what would we learn?  If anything, we'd become like spoiled teenagers who expect life to be handed to them and who feel they can do anything they want because of the lack of consequences.

In a sense, that was Lucifer's proposal: to either hand us all the answers or toss the rule book aside or both.  But in the end, what would we learn?  Nothing.  No progression; no growth; no chance to truly find out the "why" of our existence.  Honestly, despite the pain and problems we face, I'd rather have this life than the one Satan proposed.  I suppose that's why I fought against his alterations.  In fact, that's why all of us who are here as mortals fought against his alterations.  If we remember that we fought tooth and nail to have this life as it is presented to us, then we may have a greater appreciation for it and for what Father and Mother are trying to teach us as we muddle along.  When we truly do understand the "why" of this life, it makes so much more sense and has such a beautiful symmetry to it.  I hope I can always remember the "why" and help others to understand it as well.

Unexpected Lessons

On Friday after work, I headed up to Camp Hinckley in the Big Bear area to serve as the chaperone for the priests in our ward who were going to be attending the Priest and Laurel Conference put together by our stake YM and YW leaders.  Actually, I should amend that statement by saying that I was going to chaperone the priest who would be attending.  Isaac has been sick all week and just started getting over it by Wednesday.  Jennifer and I didn't feel that subjecting him to cold mountain temperatures was a good idea so soon after recovering.  Another priest was involved in high school basketball and the other two had not indicated an interest in going.  That left one.

On my way to work that morning, I ran over something at 15/215 interchange that flattened my back driver's side tire.  Thankfully, I was able to keep control of my car and drive it to the next exit to put on the donut (that was fun, especially when I realized I'd left my cell phone at home--I'm such a knucklehead sometimes).  I got to work late.  Luckily, a Costco is not far from work and I was able to get new tires (all of them needed replacing anyway).  But the unexpected problem caused me to leave later for Big Bear then I'd planned.

Trying to navigate in the dark was interesting (this was a moment when have a GPS would have been advantageous).  At one point, I was stopped on the right road while looking for that road on the Google map I had printed before leaving work, but I didn't know I was on the right road until I drove away and came back to it 10 minutes later. *sigh* When I finally arrived, I went into the lodge and found out that the one priest who was going to come had become sick that morning and wasn't there (cue The Price Is Right "fail" music).  I was told that I could go home if I wanted to.  For a moment, the idea sounded appealing, but at the same time I couldn't justify it.  I asked, "Do you need my help?" and was told that an extra adult presence was always welcome. "Well, I'm here and I've got all my stuff.  I might as well stay."

So I ate pizza and watched the youth who were in attendance participate in get-to-know-you, bonding and problem solving games.  It was fascinating for me to watch.  These were things that my stake didn't do when I was a teenager.  However, knowing me at that age, I'm not sure I would have participated (difficult to say for sure, but I find myself leaning more toward "not").  After the lodge was cleaned up, I went to cabin where I would be with two other adults leaders and about five young men (I think--it might have been six--some were upstairs and some were downstairs and I'm not sure if I saw all of them).  I had a room to myself.  I got ready for bed, did a little writing and went to sleep at the call for lights out.

The next morning after breakfast, a series of classes were held.  The first was given by Brother Dan Andrus from the Phelan Ward.  He is the principal of Serrano High School.  He talked about making the types of important decisions all youth and young adults make starting at their priest and laurel years to about 5 to 10 years thereafter.  While he was talking to the youth, his presentation for me was a reminder of how we all should make decisions no matter where we are in life.  He quoted D&C 8:2 where the Lord told Oliver Cowdery "behold, I will tell you in your mind and in your heart, by the Holy Ghost" concerning the gift he had given him to translate.  Later, when Oliver's attempts to translate failed, the Lord gently chastened Oliver by stating, "Behold, you have not understood; you have supposed that I would give it unto you, when you took no thought save it was to ask me. But, behold, I say unto you, that you must study it out in your mind; then you must ask me if it be right, and if it is right I will cause that your bosom shall burn within you ... But if it be not right you shall have no such feelings, but you shall have a stupor of thought" (D&C 9:7-9, emphasis added).  The thing that the Lord taught Oliver in this instance is that he should pray, but he should also make an effort to solve the problem himself before praying.

Sometimes we think, "I have a problem, I'll pray about it and the Lord will tell me what to do."  If this were the case, the Lord would have told the Brother of Jared to make the stones that would serve as lights in the barges.  Instead, the Lord asked, "What will ye that I should prepare for you that ye may have light when ye are swallowed up in the depths of the sea" (Ether 2:25, emphasis added)?  Jared's brother came up with a solution and in faith, brought that solution to the Lord and then he saw the Savior's finger.  God wants us to put in some legwork and make some decisions and then come to Him and talk it over.  If the decision is a good one, the Holy Ghost will manifest it unto us through the burning bosom or some other way we may feel his influence.  It's too easy to just turn things over to the Lord.  If he gave us the answer every time we asked, what would we learn?  Where would be our opportunity to exercise our moral agency?  This life is a test.  Father will not make our decisions for us.  He'll help to confirm whether our decisions are correct or not, but He will not take our agency from us.

The second presentation was by Brother Vaughn Thomas, the Stake YM president.  His topic was conflict resolution.  He gave a handout listing the 10 commandments of conflict resolution (I've edited them a little):

1. Conflict is a reality.  There is no escaped the fact.  Hiding won't solve anything.

2. You can't wish the problem away.  Keeping your feelings cooped inside won't work.

3. Learn to deal with the problem, not the person.  Don't make it personal.

4. Be respectful.  Listen to the other person.  Zoning out is not the solution.

5. Be assertive.  Being assertive means putting your views forward confidently and calmly.

6. Learn to negotiate.  This is the most important skill that will serve you in the long term.

7. Stick to the present.  Don't drag in past issues; it will only muddy the conflict further.

8. The silent treatment does not work.  Sulking won't solve the problem.  Talk it out.

9. Be understanding.  Try to put yourself in the other person's shoe.  Don't get defensive.

10. Learn to say sorry.  Doing so will not make you a wimp.  Only a strong person has the strength to say "sorry."  This simple word can work like magic.  Try it!

He also showed a video stating that conflicts usually come about because a person has an unfulfilled need.  The problem is that the other party, instead of trying to find out what that need may be and then negotiating with the person to help fulfill that need, usually digs in because they are feeling attacked and immediately attacks back.  This was also a good class for me because I have problems with conflict resolution sometimes and it also gave me some insights to pass along to Ben to help him with a conflict that has come up between his companionship and the ward mission leader and bishop in his new area.

After these two classes, I knew why it was good for me to come even though I technically didn't need to.  I needed to hear these two lessons.  The third lesson discussed easy ways to solve common household problems; I knew nearly all of them.  The fourth was interesting in that it was taught by Brother Gibbons who is the institute teacher in our area.  He teaches Jennifer's seminary inservice meetings.  He talked about conversion and testimony and how important they are.  I was so into his lesson that there were times I wanted to raise my hand and chime in with answers.  I had to remind myself that he was asking the youth--not me. J

Funny thing: on my way home I stopped at our local Conroy's flower shop to buy Valentine flowers for Jennifer (I caved to the corporate flower shop overlords who make Valentine's Day a "holiday"--it was for an excellent cause J).  While there, I watched an interesting example of the right and wrong way to handle conflict resolution.  While I was standing in line, a group of women were looking over a bridal bouquet prepared by one of the workers.  The leader of the group didn't like the ferns used at the base of the bouquet, she said it didn't match with the online picture she had seen (there was the problem).  The worker replied that the ferns in the picture were a type that weren't in stock at the moment because of all the Valentine's bouquets had used up their supply (conflict).  The lady said she had ordered the bouquet months in advance for the wedding and wanted what she ordered (escalating conflict).  The worker deftly solved the problem by going in the back and coming out with a different fern that did give the base of the bouquet a fuller look (negotiation).  The lady was happy with this and the worker left to make the agreed upon changes (problem solved).

However, then another worker (who had been blowing up balloons and had no idea what was going on) decided to but into the already solved conflict and remind the lady what had already been said: the type of fern she wanted was not available during Valentine's day (digging in and attacking).  The lady, to her credit, calmly put balloon worker in her place by restating that she had ordered the bouquet several months in advance and that the problem was being handled.  A situation that could have blown up into a heated argument that didn't need to happen was rendered harmless and balloon lady sheepishly went back to blowing up more balloons--which she should have continued doing and not stuck her nose in where it didn't need to be.  I hope I can take these lessons more to heart and do a better job at resolving conflicts and making decisions and staying true to the gospel.

Redemption Cometh In and Through the Holy Messiah

Today in Sunday school, we studied 2 Nephi chapters 1 & 2.  It's such a bummer sometimes that we only have 40 minutes of Sunday school time to talk about a chapter as rich in doctrine as chapter 2.  2 Nephi 2:6 jumped out at me as we were talking about it today.  The verse states simply: "Wherefore, redemption cometh in and through the Holy Messiah; for he is full of grace and truth."

For me, the word redemption is the key in this verse.  Earlier, father Lehi declared to Jacob, "Wherefore, I know that thou art redeemed, because of the righteousness of thy Redeemer" (verse 3).  In verse 6, Lehi reiterates this point, but also gives the idea deeper meaning.  Lehi unflinchingly teaches Jacob that for any of us to be saved physically from the inevitable death of the mortal body and saved from the spiritual mistakes we have made and the sins we have committed, we need someone to step in and redeem us from these things.  Elder Christofferson taught, "Among the most significant of Jesus Christ’s descriptive titles is Redeemer. ... The word redeem means to pay off an obligation or a debt. Redeem can also mean to rescue or set free as by paying a ransom" (Ensign, May 2013, 109).

Lehi makes it clear that Jesus is the only one who can hold that capital "R" title of Redeemer because He paid the obligation or debt for us to overcome mortal death.  Even more importantly (to my mind), Jesus also ransomed us from the punishment of our sins.  "For behold, I, God, have suffered these things for all, that they might not suffer if they would repent," Jesus declared to the Prophet Joseph Smith (D&C 19:16).  Elder Christofferson stated, "The Savior’s suffering in Gethsemane and His agony on the cross redeem us from sin by satisfying the demands that justice has upon us. He extends mercy and pardons those who repent" (Ensign, May 2013, 110).

In conjunction with Lehi's description of Jesus as our Redeemer, what also struck me today were the words "in" and "through".  Lehi proclaims that the redemption Jesus offers comes in and through Him and Him alone.  Bear with me, my English major geek side is going to show, but usually these words are prepositions, however, as I've looked at them in the context of this sentence, I find that in this case they are adjectives.  Adjectives are used in sentences to qualify or define a noun.  In this sense, these two words qualify and define the Holy Messiah.  The adjective definition for in that fits in this circumstance is "located or situated within; inner; internal" (dictionary.com; "in" #19).  This makes sense to me because the Atonement allows redemption to be "located or situated within" the Savior.  Because of His voluntary sacrifice, any hope we have to be redeemed from our inevitable physical death and saved from our sins comes to us because the Atonement is an inner or internal part of Christ's being.

Concerning the word through, the adjective definition that fits for me in this instance is "having completed an action, process, etc.; finished" (dictionary.com; "through" #17).  Jesus was the only person who could complete the action and process of the Atonement because of the life he lived as a mortal man.  Jesus was not free from temptation.  Paul testified that the Savior "was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin" (Hebrews 4:15).  Our Elder Brother was not free from the burden of temptation or the limitations of the physical body, but in all points, He remained above the weaknesses of the flesh.  Otherwise, He would not have been able to cry, "It is finished!" at that final moment upon the cross (John 19:30).

When considered in the light of these definitions, we now see that redemption is located or situated within the Savior because He has internalized the redemptive power by completing the action and finishing the process of the Atonement.  Understanding this concept as taught by his father, Jacob is later able to teach that the "keeper of the gate is the Holy One of Israel; and he employeth no servant there" (2 Nephi 9:41).  How can anyone but Jesus stand in that spot?  No one else has or could atone for us or redeem us in the way that He has.  In this way, Jesus becomes the central figure in all that we teach because it is in and through Him that the gospel and the Church that bears His name functions.

Because of the fullness of His grace (embodied in the act of freeing all of us—His brothers and sisters—from death and our own spiritual fall), and His truth (given to us when He gave us His word in our premortal life that He would complete the assignment He had accepted), we can rely on His promises (and those of our Heavenly Father) to not only bring us back into the Celestial courts we left when we were born on this earth, but to live the life that God lives for eternity.  This is good news of the gospel.